what is IOT ?
The ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. It is nothing but interaction between machine to machine .
what is Arduino ?
Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
features of Arduino-
- It is an easy USB interface. This allows interface with USB as this is like a serial device.
- The chip on the board plugs straight into your USB port and supports on your computer as…
- It is easy-to-find the microcontroller brain which is the ATmega328 chip.
- It is an open source design and there is an advantage…
applications
- Industrial iot
- Home automation.
- smartwearable
advantages
- Efficient resource utilization: If we know the functionality and the way that how each device work we definitely increase the efficient resource utilization as well as monitor natural resources.
- Minimize human effort: As the devices of IoT interact and communicate with each other and do lot of task for us, then they minimize the human effort.
- Save time: As it reduces the human effort then it definitely saves out time. Time is the primary factor which can save through IoT platform.
- Enhance Data Collection:
- Improve security: Now, if we have a system that all these things are interconnected then we can make the system more secure and efficient .
disadvantages
As the Internet of things facilitates a set of benefits, it also creates a significant set of challenges. Some of the IoT challenges are given below:
- Security: As the IoT systems are interconnected and communicate over networks. The system offers little control despite any security measures, and it can be lead the various kinds of network attacks.
- Privacy: Even without the active participation on the user, the IoT system provides substantial personal data in maximum detail.
- Complexity: The designing, developing, and maintaining and enabling the large technology to IoT system is quite complicated.
what is sensors ?
A device which detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it.
difference between sensor and actuators
| Basis for comparison | Sensors | Actuators |
|---|---|---|
| Basic | Used to measure the continuous and discrete process variables. | Impel continuous and discrete processes parameters. |
| Placed at | Input port | Output port |
| Outcome | Electrical signal | Heat or motion |
| Example | Magnetometer, Cameras, Accelerometer, microphones. | LED, Laser, Loudspeaker, Solenoid, motor controllers. |
examples of different type of sensors
- LDR sensors
- DHT11(temperature and humidity sensors)
- MQ3(smoke sensor)
- IR sensor
- ultrasonic sensor
- PIR sensor
- Accelometre
- Laser
iot platforms –
1. AWS IoT Platform
This is the oldest and the most dominated consumer cloud market. Owing to its extreme scalability, it can support lots of devices. While they provide the most comprehensive service, the disadvantages include its expensive service.
2. Microsoft Azure IoT Hub
With lot many features like machine learning, cloud storage, and IoT services; they have become a good competitor with their own operating system for IoT devices. There are so many cool benefits that one can get using this cloud platform.
3. IBM Watson IoT Platform
This is yet another IT giant that is trying to mark its way in providing the cloud services. Just like the other service providers, it too has its own set of pros and cons, but this is a great platform for beginners with easy apps and interfaces.
4. Google Cloud Platform
Taking advantages of Google’s heritage, this giant is also trying to take IOT very seriously. One can even have access to Google’s private global fiber network using this platform.
5. Oracle IoT Platform
The difference of this platform with the rest is that it is more focused on manufacturing and logistics operations. This platform aims in helping to deliver the products faster in the market.
6. Salesforce IoT
This platform specializes in customer relations management. The platform is powered by Thunder which aims at real-time decision making and high speed.
7. Bosch IoT Platform
This German based company is quite new in the market and is competing at a good pace with some of the big giants. Security and efficiency are the primary goals of this service provider.
8. CISCO IOT Cloud Connect
A global leader in IT services, to provide more opportunities in IOT platforms, they have even developed a new ‘mobility-cloud-based software suite”. They also focus primarily on building relationships with the customers.
9. General Electrics Predix
By providing connectivity and analytics, they are focusing on the industrial market. In comparison to the larger companies, they don’t have simple pricing tables.
10. SAP IoT Platform
When pricing is considered it involves three tiers- developers, medium business, and enterprise. They offer the latest technology to gain more money out of your business.
iot interactions
There are many possible interactions between devices and users in the world of the Internet of Things, and before we start this chapter I want to give you an overview of all the possible scenarios.
The one we have already seen in this book is machine-human interaction, where we use an IoT device to log data on a server, which is then used to display a graph that can be understood and used by the final user.
The second type of interaction is human-machine interaction, where the user is triggering a command to a remote device, for example, to activate a lamp remotely.
Finally, the last scenario is machine-to-machine interaction, where two or more devices are directly talking to each other, without the intervention of any human.
interfacing of different sensors with Arduino
1. interfacing of Arduino with led
code:
int ledPin = 13;
void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
diagram:
2. interfacing of DHT11
code:
#include ” DHT.h ”
#define DHTPIN 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
void setup ( )
{
Serial.begin ( 9600 ) ;
dht.begin ( ) ;
}
void loop ( )
{
float humidity = dht.readHumidity ( ) ;
float temp = dht.readTemperature ( ) ;
if ( isnan ( t ) || isnan ( h ) )
{
Serial.println ( ” Sensor not working ” ) ;
}
else { Serial.print ( ” Temp is ” ) ;
{
Serial.print ( temp ) ;
Serial.println ( ” *C ” ) ;
Serial.print ( ” Humidity in % is : ” ) ;
Serial.print ( humidity ) ;
Serial.print ( ” % \t ” ) ;
}
}
3.interfacing with MQ3
mine education 